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Home  > 99-99-0 > FAQ > How to selectively convert benzene to p-nitrotoluene?

How to selectively convert benzene to p-nitrotoluene?

Valery
Valery Answered Jun 21 2021

  1. I converted benzene into toluene by Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction.
  2. Then by nitration I got two compounds o-nitrotoluene and p-nitrotoluene.

Is it possible to get only p-nitrotoluene?

Aberdeen
Aberdeen Answered Jun 21 2021

I'd doubt that exclusive nitration of toluene in para position is possible in homogenous solution.

But imagine to stuff a toluene molecule into a very narrow "tube". This tube will block any attack at C-2 (and C-3), while a nitrating agent may approach C-4.

Exactly this has been done in the vapour phase nitration of toluene with nitric acid over a zeolite (ZSM-5). See: Kalbasi, R.; Ghiaci, M.; Massah, A. Highly selective vapor phase nitration of toluene to 4-nitro toluene using modified and unmodified H3PO4/ZSM-5. Applied Catalysis A: General 2009, 353 (1), 1–8. DOI: 10.1016/j.apcata.2008.10.013.

Ollie
Ollie Answered Jun 21 2021

I think It can be done. But it's a rather long process.First prepare nitrobenzene from benzene by nitration.Then, convert it to aniline by adding a reducing agent(preferably Sn/Hcl).Then, Convert the NH2 group to NHCOCH3 by adding ethanoic anhydride in acetic acid(Which is a weaker activating group than NH2 but a stronger one as compared to CH3).Then, Add the methyl group by friedel-crafts alkylation. Then, convert NHCOCH3 back to NH2 by hydrolysis.Then, convert aniline to diazonium chloride by adding NaNo2 in Hcl. Finally convert diazonium chloride to Nitro group by Adding NaNo2/Cu. U get p-Nitrotoluene. But, I am not too sure this is acceptable.

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