Potassium thiocyanate
- Iupac Name：potassium thiocyanate
- CAS No.: 333-20-0
- Molecular Weight：97.18
- Modify Date.: 2023-11-06 18:26
- Introduction: It can be used in electroplating industry for stripping agent, it can also be used refrigerant. It can also be used in the dye industry, photographic industry, pesticides and steel analysis.
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1. Names and Identifiers
- 1.1 Name
- Potassium thiocyanate
- 1.2 Synonyms
Arterocyn Aterocyn Cough. Further see Ingestion. Kyonate MFCD00011413 Potassium rhodanide,Potassium thiocyanate potassium thioacyanate Potassium thiocyanate concentrate Potassium thiocyanide potassium,thiocyanate potassiumthiocyanide Rhocya Rhodanide Rodanca Thiocyanic acid potassium salt
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- 1.3 CAS No.
- 333-20-0
- 1.4 CID
- 516872
- 1.5 EINECS(EC#)
- 206-370-1
- 1.6 Molecular Formula
- CKNS (isomer)
- 1.7 Inchi
- InChI=1S/CHNS.K/c2-1-3;/h3H;/q;+1/p-1
- 1.8 InChIkey
- ZNNZYHKDIALBAK-UHFFFAOYSA-M
- 1.9 Canonical Smiles
- [K]SC#N
- 1.10 Isomers Smiles
- C(#N)[S-].[K+]
2. Properties
- 2.1 Density
- 1.886
- 2.1 Melting point
- 173 °C (lit.)
- 2.1 Boiling point
- 500°C
- 2.1 Refractive index
- 1.558 (174 C)
- 2.1 Flash Point
- 500°C
- 2.1 Precise Quality
- 96.93890
- 2.1 PSA
- 49.09000
- 2.1 logP
- 0.66498
- 2.1 Solubility
- 2170 g/L (20 oC)
- 2.2 Appearance
- white crystalline powder
- 2.3 Storage
- Hygroscopic. Light Sensitive. Store under Nitrogen. Ambient temperatures.
- 2.4 Chemical Properties
- It is colorless monoclinic crystal. It is soluble in water, and it can cool because of the absorption of heat. It is also soluble in alcohol and acetone.
- 2.5 Color/Form
- colorless or white
- 2.6 Decomposition
- 500 °C
- 2.7 Odor
- Odorless
- 2.8 PH
- 5.3-8.7 (25℃, 50mg/mL in H2O)
- 2.9 Water Solubility
- H2O: 8?M at?20?°C, clear, colorless
- 2.10 Stability
- Stable. Incompatible with nitric acid, strong oxidizing agents,active halogen compounds.
- 2.11 StorageTemp
- Store at +5°C to +30°C.
3. Use and Manufacturing
- 3.1 Definition
- A colorless hygroscopicsolid. Its solution is used in a test foriron(III) compounds, with which it turns ablood-red color.
- 3.2 Usage
- It can be used in electroplating industry for stripping agent, it can also be used refrigerant. It can also be used in the dye industry, photographic industry, pesticides and steel analysis.
4. Safety and Handling
- 4.1 Symbol
- GHS07
- 4.1 Hazard Codes
- Xn,Xi
- 4.1 Signal Word
- Warning
- 4.1 Risk Statements
- 32-52/53-20/21/22
- 4.1 Safety Statements
- 13-61-36/37-46
- 4.1 Packing Group
- Z01
- 4.1 Hazard Declaration
- H302 + H312 + H332-H412
- 4.1 Safety Profile
- A human poison byingestion. Poison experimentally by intravenous route. An experimentalteratogen. Moderately toxic by subcutaneousand ingestion routes. Large doses can causeslun eruptions, psychoses, and collapse.Incompatible with calcium chlorite andperchloryl fluoride. When heated todecomposition it emits very toxic fumes ofCN-, K2O, SOx, and NOx. See alsoTHIOCYANATES.
- 4.2 Caution Statement
- P273-P280
- 4.2 WGK Germany
- 1
- 4.2 RTECS
- XL1925000
- 4.2 Report
-
Reported in EPA TSCA Inventory.
- 4.3 Safety
-
Safety Information about Potassium thiocyanate (CAS NO.333-20-0):
Hazard Codes: 
Xn,Xi
Risk Statements: 32-52/53-20/21/22
R20/21/22: Harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed.
R32: Contact with acid liberates very toxic gas.
R52/53: Harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment.
Safety Statements: 13-61-36/37
S13: Keep away from food, drink and animal foodstuffs.
S36/37: Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves.
S61: Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets.
WGK Germany: 1
RTECS: XL1925000
Hazard Note: Irritant/Hygroscopic
HS Code: 28380000
A human poison by ingestion. Poison experimentally by intravenous route. An experimental teratogen. Moderately toxic by subcutaneous and ingestion routes. Large doses can cause skin eruptions, psychoses, and collapse. Incompatible with calcium chlorite and perchloryl fluoride. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of CN−, K2O, SOx, and NOx. See also THIOCYANATES.
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- 4.4 Sensitive
- Hygroscopic
- 4.5 Specification
-
General Information: As in any fire, wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. Substance is noncombustible.
Extinguishing Media: Use extinguishing media most appropriate for the surrounding fire.
Handling: Avoid breathing dust, vapor, mist, or gas. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid ingestion and inhalation.
Storage: Store in a cool, dry place. Do not store in direct sunlight. Store in a tightly closed container. Keep away from acids. Store protected from moisture.
- 4.6 Toxicity
- ORL-RAT LD50 854 mg kg-1
5. MSDS
2.Hazard identification
2.1 Classification of the substance or mixture
Acute toxicity - Oral, Category 4
Acute toxicity - Dermal, Category 4
Serious eye damage, Category 1
Acute toxicity - Inhalation, Category 4
Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term (Chronic) - Category Chronic 3
2.2 GHS label elements, including precautionary statements
| Pictogram(s) |   |
| Signal word | Danger |
| Hazard statement(s) | H302+H312+H332 Harmful if swallowed, in contact with skin or if inhaled H318 Causes serious eye damage H412 Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects |
| Precautionary statement(s) | |
| Prevention | P264 Wash ... thoroughly after handling. P270 Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P261 Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. P271 Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. P273 Avoid release to the environment. |
| Response | P301+P312 IF SWALLOWED: Call a POISON CENTER/doctor/\u2026if you feel unwell. P330 Rinse mouth. P302+P352 IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of water/... P312 Call a POISON CENTER/doctor/\u2026if you feel unwell. P321 Specific treatment (see ... on this label). P362+P364 Take off contaminated clothing and wash it before reuse. P305+P351+P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. P310 Immediately call a POISON CENTER/doctor/\u2026 P304+P340 IF INHALED: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. |
| Storage | none |
| Disposal | P501 Dispose of contents/container to ... |
2.3 Other hazards which do not result in classification
none
7. Synthesis Route
333-20-0Total: 45 Synthesis Route
9. Other Information
- 9.0 Usage
- Potassium thiocyanate is used in the preparation of ethylenesulfide, lead thiocyante, which is used in the conversion of acyl chloride to thiocyanates. It is also used in solid state NMR of heavy-metal nuclei which results in the preparation of several mercury-thiocyanate and selenocyanate compounds as potential models. It finds application in cosmetic and personal care product formulations as a skin conditioning agent. It is also used in moisturizers and oral care products.
- 9.1 Usage
- Potassium thiocyanate is used in the preparation of ethylenesulfide, lead thiocyante, which is used in the convertion of acyl chloride to thiocyanates. It is also used in solid state NMR of heavy-metal nuclei which results in the preparation of several mercury-thiocyanate and selenocyanate compounds as potential models. It finds application in cosmetic and personal care product formulations as a skin conditioning agent. Also used in moisturizers and oral care products.
- 9.2 Usage
- Potassium thiocyanate, 0.1N standardized solution is used in analytical chemistry for the quantitative determination of Fe(III). In Volhard?s method, it is used to determine the concentration of chloride ion by titration. It is also used as an analyzer for direct and continuous measurement of the concentration of soluble copper in an aqueous solution.
- 9.3 Storage features
- Separated from strong oxidants. Dry. Well closed.
- 9.4 Fire Hazards
- Not combustible. Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire.
- 9.5 Spillage Disposal
- Personal protection: particulate filter respirator adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Sweep spilled substance into covered containers. If appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting. Carefully collect remainder.
- 9.6 Inhalation Risk
- A harmful concentration of airborne particles can be reached quickly when dispersed.
- 9.7 Effects Of Short Term Exposure
- The substance may cause effects on the central nervous system. This may result in excitement and convulsions.
- 9.8 Exposure Prevention
- PREVENT DISPERSION OF DUST!
- 9.9 Inhalation Prevention
- Use local exhaust or breathing protection.
- 9.10 Skin Prevention
- Protective gloves.
- 9.11 Eye Pprevention
- Wear safety goggles or eye protection in combination with breathing protection.
- 9.12 Mesh
- Chemicals and substances that impart color including soluble dyes and insoluble pigments. They are used in INKS; PAINTS; and as INDICATORS AND REAGENTS. (See all compounds classified as Coloring Agents.)
- 9.13 First Aid
- Fresh air, rest.
Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower.
First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.
- 9.14 Mesh Entry Terms
- KSCN
- 9.15 Symptoms
-
Cough. Further see Ingestion.
- 9.16 Manufacturing Info
- All other basic organic chemical manufacturing|Thiocyanic acid, potassium salt (1:1): ACTIVE
- 9.17 Use Classification
- Agrochemicals -> Fungicides|Cosmetics -> Stabilizing
- 9.18 Merck
- 14,7691
- 9.19 BRN
- 3594799
- 9.20 Outline
- Potassium thiocyanate, molecular formula is KSCN, it is also known as KSCN, English is Potassium Thiocyanate, it is colorless monoclinic crystal. The relative density is 1.886. Melting point is about 172.3 ℃. It is soluble in water and it can cool because of the absorption of heat, it is also soluble in alcohol (ethanol) and acetone. Crystalline hemihydrate (KSCN.0.5H2O) can be obtained at low temperature, it is steady at-29-6.8℃, and it can turn blue when be broiled at about 430℃, but it then re-becomes colorless when be colded. When be heated to 500℃, it can decompose. The blood red ferric thiocyanate complex ion FeSCN2 + (iron thiocyanate) can generate in case of Fe3 + (ferric), which is the sensitive method to test the Fe3 + ion, the method can eliminate the influence of all other known metal ions. And it can not react with ferrous salts. It is hygroscopic, and it should be sealed. It has low toxicity. But potassium cyanate is highly toxic substances, the country has limited its production.
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- 9.21 Reference quality standards
-
- 9.22 Chemical properties
- It is colorless monoclinic crystal. It is soluble in water, and it can cool because of the absorption of heat. It is also soluble in alcohol and acetone.
- 9.23 Uses
- It can be used in electroplating industry for stripping agent, it can also be used refrigerant. It can also be used in the dye industry, photographic industry, pesticides and steel analysis.
- 9.24 Production method
- The mothod of ammonium thiocyanate transformation which is the pressurized synthesis reaction of carbon disulfide and ammonia can generate ammonium thiocyanate and the by-product is ammonium hydrosulfide, and then by desulfurization, ammonium hydrosulfide can evaporate and remove which is decomposed into hydrogen sulfide, when potassium carbonate solution is added into the temperature of 105℃ liquid, it can generates potassium thiocyanate. The reaction process will produce large amount of carbon dioxide and ammonia. Ammonia is recyclable, the reaction solution is filtered to remove insoluble material, and then reduction vaporization is proceeded, and then cooling and crystallization, centrifugal separation is proceeded to obtain industrial potassium thiocyanate.
CS2 + 3NH3 → NH4SCN + NH4HS
NH4HS → NH3 ↑ + H2S ↑
2NH4SCN + K2CO3 → 2KSCN + (NH4) 2CO3
(NH4) 2CO3 → 2NH3 ↑ + CO2 ↑ + H2O
- 9.25 Chemical Properties
- Potassium thiocyanate, potassium sulfocyanide, potassium sulfocyanate, potassium rhodanate, KCNS, white solid, formed by fusing potassium cyanide and sulfur, and then crystallizing.
- 9.26 Chemical Properties
- Potassium thiocyanate, KSCN,also known as potassium sulfocyanate and potassium rhodanide, is a colorless deliquescent crystalline solid that melts at 173°C (343 OF) and decomposes at 500°C(932 OF). Soluble in water and alcohol,it has no odor and a saline taste.Potassium thiocyanate is used in printing and dyeing textiles, freezing mixtures, manufacturing chemicals, photography and medicine.
- 9.27 Physical properties
- Colorless rhombohedral crystals; deliquesces; density 1.886 g/cm3at 15°C;melts at 173.2°C, the color of the fused salt changing from brown to green and then blue; turns white again on cooling; decomposes at about 500°C; very soluble in water, 177 g/100mL at 0°C and 217 g/100mL at 20°C; solution cools upon dissolution; aqueous solution neutral; readily dissolves in acetone and liquid ammonia; moderately soluble in hot alcohol.
- 9.28 Uses
- Analysis of siliver ion; indirect determination of chloride, bromide, and iodide.
- 9.29 Uses
- manufacture of artificial mustard oil; printing and dyeing textiles; in photography as intensifier; in analytical chemistry. The sodium salt now is replacing it for most of these uses.
- 9.30 Uses
- Used as a source of thiocyanate.
- 9.31 Uses
- Potassium Thiocyanate has been used as a catalyst in a one-pot reaction of dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylates with indane-1,3-dione. Potassium Thiocyanate has been used as a selective bacterial inhibitor to create ESS-3 broth to allow co-?enrichment of the target pathogens and suppress growth of some non-?target pathogens
- 9.32 Definition
- ChEBI: A potassium salt which is the monopotassium salt of thiocyanic acid.
- 9.33 Preparation
- Potassium thiocyanate may be made by adding caustic potash to a solution of ammonium thiocyanate, followed by evaporation of the solution. NH4SCN + KOH →KSCN + NH4OH
Also, the compound can be prepared by heating potassium cyanide with sulfur:KCN + S →KSCN.
- 9.34 Definition
- A colorless hygroscopic solid. Its solution is used in a test for iron(III) compounds, with which it turns a blood-red color.
- 9.35 General Description
- Potassium thiocyanate is an inorganic potassium salt. Phase transitions in potassium thiocyanate (KSCN) have been investigated by X-ray diffraction studies. The order-disorder type transition with respect to the orientation of the thiocyanate ions was identified. Its polarized infrared spectrum has been reported. It participates in the ring-opening of aziridines. The reaction was carried out in the presence of sulfated zirconia to afford the corresponding β-aminothiocyanates.
- 9.36 Hazard
- Toxic by ingestion.
- 9.37 Flammability and Explosibility
- Non flammable
- 9.38 Safety Profile
- A human poison by ingestion. Poison experimentally by intravenous route. An experimental teratogen. Moderately toxic by subcutaneous and ingestion routes. Large doses can cause slun eruptions, psychoses, and collapse. Incompatible with calcium chlorite and perchloryl fluoride. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of CN-, K2O, SOx, and NOx. See also THIOCYANATES.
- 9.39 Purification Methods
- Crystallise it from H2O if much chloride ion is present in the salt, otherwise from EtOH or MeOH (optionally by addition of Et2O). Filter off on a Büchner funnel without paper, and dry it in a desiccator at room temperature before heating for 1hour at 150o, with a final 10-20minutes at 200o to remove the last traces of solvent [Kolthoff & Lingane J Am Chem Soc 57 126 1935]. Store it in the dark.
10. Computational chemical data
- Molecular Weight: 97.18g/mol
- Molecular Formula: CKNS
- Compound Is Canonicalized: True
- XLogP3-AA: null
- Exact Mass: 96.93885166
- Monoisotopic Mass: 96.93885166
- Complexity: 34.5
- Rotatable Bond Count: 0
- Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
- Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 2
- Topological Polar Surface Area: 24.8
- Heavy Atom Count: 4
- Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
- Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
- Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
- Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
- Isotope Atom Count: 0
- Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 2
- CACTVS Substructure Key Fingerprint: AAADcQACAABAQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABAQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA==
11. Question & Answer
-
Potassium thiocyanate, KSCN, is a salt made by a metallic cation, K+, and an anion SCN-, therefore it is an ionic compound.
-
In ancient days when silver halide films and papers were the commonly available forms of producing photographic images, the development process had to be completed by soaking the film or paper in a so..
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Potassium thiocyanate, with the molecular formula KSCN, is also known as Potassium thiocyanate. It is a colorless monoclinic crystal that is soluble in water and absorbs a large amount of heat, causin..
-
I am trying to find the net-ionic equation for the reaction of potassium thiocyanate and iron(II) acetate. It seems reasonable to me that the molecular equation is 2KSCN+Fe(CHX3COO)X2⟶2CHX..
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