Arbutin (C₁₂H₁₆O₇) is an organic compound. It is a colorless to white crystalline powder or solid with a faint, slightly sweet odor. The compound is soluble in water and alcohol and is often used in its purified form for cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications. Arbutin is a glycoside, consisting of hydroquinone and glucose, and is primarily known for its skin-lightening properties due to its ability to inhibit melanin production. It is commonly found in several plant species, including bearberry, cranberry, and blueberry, which are its primary natural sources.
Arbutin was first isolated from the leaves of the bearberry plant (Arctostaphylos uva-ursi) in the 19th century. Its use in traditional medicine has long been linked to its mild diuretic and urinary tract health benefits. In the 20th century, researchers discovered that Arbutin possesses the ability to inhibit tyrosinase, the enzyme responsible for melanin production, thus making it a popular ingredient in skin-whitening products. Today, Arbutin is widely used in cosmetics and dermatology to treat hyperpigmentation, age spots, and other skin discolorations. It is also found in dietary supplements targeting urinary tract health. Arbutin is usually synthesized through the glycosylation of hydroquinone, although it can also be extracted from its natural sources.
Arbutin is generally regarded as safe for topical use, but excessive oral consumption of high doses can lead to potential health risks. Large amounts of Arbutin are metabolized into hydroquinone, which can cause toxicity in the liver and kidneys if accumulated in the body. Hydroquinone is classified as a potential human carcinogen by some health authorities, and thus, excessive exposure may increase the risk of cancer and cause damage to tissues. However, when used appropriately, especially in skincare formulations, Arbutin is considered safe. It is important to note that Arbutin is contraindicated in pregnant or breastfeeding women due to its potential to release hydroquinone. The compound should be stored in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area, away from light and moisture, to preserve its stability. The recommended storage temperature is below 25°C, and it should be kept in tightly sealed containers to avoid degradation.
View more+(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxyméthyl)-6-(4-hydroxyphénoxy)tétrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(4-hydroxyphenoxy)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol 4-Hydroxyphenyl Beta-D-Glucopyranoside 4-Hydroxyphenyl β-D-galactopyranoside 4-Hydroxyphenyl Β-D-glucopyranoside 4-Hydroxyphenyl-b-D-glucopyranoside 4-Hydroxyphenyl-Β-D-glucopyranoside 4-Hydroxyphenyl-Β-D-glucopyranosidep 4-Hydroxyphenyl-Β-glucopyranoside 5-17-07-00110 Arbutin ARBUTOSIDE Arbutosie b-Arbutin EINECS 207-850-3 Ericolin) hydroquinone O-beta-D-glucopyranoside hydroquinone O-Β-D-glucopyranoside Hydroquinone-b-D-glucopyranoside Hydroquinone-Β-D-glucopyranoside HydroquinoneΒ-D-glucopyranoside Hydroquinone-Β-D-glucoside MFCD00016915 P-ARBUTIN p-Hydroxyphenyl Β-D-glucopyranoside Uresol URSIN UVASOL β-D-Galactopyranoside, 4-hydroxyphenyl Β-D-Glucopyranoside, 4-hydroxyphenyl
An experimental teratogen. Experimental reproductive effects. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.
Hazard Codes:?Xn
Risk Statements: 20/21/22-36/37/38
20/ 21/22(Harmful by inhalation,in contact with skin and if swallowed)
36/37/38 (Irritating to the eyes piratory system and skin)
Safety Statements: 22-24/25-36-26
22(Do not breathe dust)
24/25(Avoid contact with skin and eyes)
36(Wear suitable protective clothing)
26 (In case of contact with eyes,rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice)
WGK Germany: 3
RTECS: CE8863000
F: 3-10-23
? Arbutin , with CAS number of 497-76-7, can be called (2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-(4-hydroxyphenoxy)oxane-3,4,5-triol ; Arbutoside ; Hydroquinone-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside ; Hydroquinone .beta.-D-glucopyranoside ; p-Hydroxyphenyl beta-D-glucoside ; 4-Hydroxyphenyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside .?Arbutin (CAS NO.497-76-7) should be stored in a cool, dry place with?a tightly closed container.?
Not classified.
Pictogram(s) | No symbol. |
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Signal word | No signal word. |
Hazard statement(s) | none |
Precautionary statement(s) | |
Prevention | none |
Response | none |
Storage | none |
Disposal | none |
none
Literatures:
Jahodar, Ludek; Duskova; Polasek; Papugova Pharmazie, 1999 , vol. 54, # 3 p. 234 - 235 Yield: null |